First, the bearing maintenance technology problems:
Two major complications related to bearing maintenance technology are: 1. When to change oil. 2. How much oil should be changed. If the oil change is too small, the bearing will be scrapped in advance; if the oil is changed too much, the bearing will be in trouble or damage the power coil and winding wire for a long time.
Second, the maintenance technology of the bearing:
The way to determine when to lubricate and when to stop oiling is simple: monitor when developing a baseline, setting up an observation schedule, and filling the oil.
1. Develop a basic line
The bearing base line reflects the decibel strength under normal operating conditions, no visible errors, and sufficient lubrication.
Three ways to develop a baseline:
1), comparison method: If there are multiple bearings of the same type, these bearings can be put together for comparison. Use the same test method or observe each bearing from the same angle. Analyze decibel strength and sound quality. If there is no essential difference (less than 8 decibels), we can set it to the base decibel strength of each bearing.
2) Set the basic line when adding lubricating oil: When adding lubricating oil, listen to the intensity of the sound, and when the sound intensity drops, then rise again. At this time, do not add too much oil, and set it as the basic line.
3) History: Observe the bearing decibel strength, record it every day, and then compare the recorded results for 30 days. If the decibel intensity changes little or no (less than 8 decibels), we can set this as the baseline and use it for later comparisons.
2, set the observation timetable
Equipment criticality associated with total production, environmental results, and operational results is a major factor in selecting and setting up an evaluation mechanical system. It is very necessary to test once a month after the basic observation line is established. For high-decibel bearings that are to be lubricated, the frequency should be detected more frequently so that changes that may occur are observed. If a bearing is in a state of destruction, the lubricant can only temporarily cover up the error. However, the decibel intensity will rise quickly to show the existence of the error. In some cases, this phenomenon will manifest itself in a few minutes, while others will take several days.
3. Detection during lubrication
If the decibel of a bearing exceeds 8 dB of the baseline, we think this bearing needs lubrication. When we realize that this bearing needs lubrication, knowing when to stop the oil will prevent over-lubrication. This can be done in the following three steps:
1) Calculate the amount based on the guidance of the bearing manufacturer, then inject the lubricant, not too much. This step is very subjective and has nothing to do with ultrasound, and this step has never failed.
2) Lubrication technicians use ultrasonic instruments to detect bearings when injecting lubricant. Fill the oil slowly until the decibel strength drops to the baseline.
3) If there is no basic line as a guide, the amount of lubricant should be stopped when the sound is lowered and then rises. At this time, the technician should stop using the lubricant.
4, ultrasonic bearing inspection
Ultrasonic inspection or monitoring is the most reliable way to detect the initial (first) bearing damage. When the temperature rises or the vibration intensity of the low frequency increases, the ultrasonic warning will sound first. This method of inspecting bearings is useful when the bearings are damaged early due to overuse, lack of lubricant or excessive lubricant.
5, find the signal of failure
A spherical bearing like a metal on a track, such as a roller or a ball bearing that begins to overuse, undergoes subtle deformation. This situation creates an irregular surface that causes the emitted ultrasound to increase. The change in amplitude from the initial reading indicates one or two conditions: early failure or lack of lubricating oil and initial bearing failure. If the ultrasonic wave exceeds the base line by eight decibels, there is a constant impact noise indicating that the lubricant has failed (dry bearing surface). If the ultrasonic reading exceeds the expected reading and reaches 12 decibels, there will be a crashing noise that can be assumed that the bearing has begun to enter the failure mode.
2018年11月30日星期五
2018年11月28日星期三
How to choose the correct lathe rolling bearing?
2 The allowable speed varies greatly depending on the type of bearing. In general, bearings with low friction and low heat generation are suitable for high speeds. The design is designed to work with rolling bearings below their limit speed.
3 When the rigid bearing is under load, the bearing ring and the rolling element will be elastically deformed at the contact point. The deformation amount is proportional to the load, and the ratio determines the rigidity of the bearing. Generally, the rigidity of the bearing can be improved by pre-tightening of the bearing; in addition, in the design of the bearing support, the bearing rigidity can be improved by considering the combination and arrangement of the bearings.
4 Self-aligning performance and installation error After the bearing is loaded into the working position, the installation and positioning are often poor due to manufacturing errors. At this time, the bearing often suffers from excessive load due to the degree of fishing and thermal expansion of the shaft, causing early damage. Self-aligning bearings can overcome the defects caused by installation errors and are suitable for such applications.
5 Mounting and dismounting tapered roller bearings, needle bearings, etc., belonging to the type of bearing that can be separated between the inner and outer rings (so-called separate bearings), easy to install and disassemble.
6 Marketability Even if it is a horizontal lathe bearing listed in the catalogue, there is no market for sales; on the contrary, some bearings not listed in the catalogue are produced in large quantities. Therefore, it should be clear whether the bearings used are readily available.
2018年11月26日星期一
Effect of quenching method on deformation of thin-walled bearing rings
With the development of science and technology, the working environment of the bearing is more and more complicated, and higher requirements are placed on the performance of the bearing. The deformation problem caused by the quenching of the bearing ring has not been solved very well, which not only seriously affects the bearing quality, but also greatly increases the workload of the whole deformation. In order to ensure the size of the quenching ferrule, it is necessary to increase the amount of grinding. Although the qualification rate of the quenching ferrule is improved to some extent, the grinding work is increased, and the loss of the material is also increased.
There are many factors affecting the deformation of the ferrule. The ferrule is inevitably affected by factors such as thermal expansion and contraction stress, turning stress release, ferrule weight, cooling medium flow impact, and structural transformation stress during quenching. Deformation [1-3]. According to the appearance of the ferrule, the deformation can be divided into: expansion and contraction deformation, elliptical deformation, warping deformation and taper deformation. There is a correspondence between different deformations, and controlling one of the deformations may bring about another deformation. In addition, the thin-walled ferrules have relatively poor stiffness and are therefore highly susceptible to deformation during cooling [4-6].
In this paper, the effects of elliptical deformation and warpage deformation of thin-walled bearing rings are analyzed by different quenching methods, and the law is found to provide a theoretical basis for actual production.
1 Test method
The hardening test of the 71868/01 thin-walled bearing ring was carried out by three kinds of quenching methods. The quenching of the ferrule required elliptical deformation and warpage deformation to be controlled at ≤0.7 mm, and the deformation amount was less than 0.7 mm. Measure the results and analyze the cause of the deformation.
The salt bath quenching test heating device is a box type controlled atmosphere salt quenching multi-purpose furnace. The heat treatment process is: 830 °C, 30 min, 170 °C, molten salt quenching, 15 min, air-cooled to room temperature. The layout is flat, 1 layer is placed, and 72 pieces are installed.
The quenching test heating equipment is a box-type controlled atmosphere oil quenching multi-purpose furnace [7-9]. The heat treatment process is: 830 °C heat preservation 30 min 80 °C classification quenching oil quenching for 15 min direct deformation. The layout is flat, 1 layer is placed, and 72 pieces are installed.
Rotary quenching machine oil quenching test heating equipment is box type high temperature furnace. The heat treatment process is: 830 °C for 30 minutes, rotary quenching machine oil quenching (1 min quenching for 1 min) direct deformation. The layout is flat, 1 layer is placed, and 72 pieces are installed.
There are many factors affecting the deformation of the ferrule. The ferrule is inevitably affected by factors such as thermal expansion and contraction stress, turning stress release, ferrule weight, cooling medium flow impact, and structural transformation stress during quenching. Deformation [1-3]. According to the appearance of the ferrule, the deformation can be divided into: expansion and contraction deformation, elliptical deformation, warping deformation and taper deformation. There is a correspondence between different deformations, and controlling one of the deformations may bring about another deformation. In addition, the thin-walled ferrules have relatively poor stiffness and are therefore highly susceptible to deformation during cooling [4-6].
In this paper, the effects of elliptical deformation and warpage deformation of thin-walled bearing rings are analyzed by different quenching methods, and the law is found to provide a theoretical basis for actual production.
1 Test method
The hardening test of the 71868/01 thin-walled bearing ring was carried out by three kinds of quenching methods. The quenching of the ferrule required elliptical deformation and warpage deformation to be controlled at ≤0.7 mm, and the deformation amount was less than 0.7 mm. Measure the results and analyze the cause of the deformation.
The salt bath quenching test heating device is a box type controlled atmosphere salt quenching multi-purpose furnace. The heat treatment process is: 830 °C, 30 min, 170 °C, molten salt quenching, 15 min, air-cooled to room temperature. The layout is flat, 1 layer is placed, and 72 pieces are installed.
The quenching test heating equipment is a box-type controlled atmosphere oil quenching multi-purpose furnace [7-9]. The heat treatment process is: 830 °C heat preservation 30 min 80 °C classification quenching oil quenching for 15 min direct deformation. The layout is flat, 1 layer is placed, and 72 pieces are installed.
Rotary quenching machine oil quenching test heating equipment is box type high temperature furnace. The heat treatment process is: 830 °C for 30 minutes, rotary quenching machine oil quenching (1 min quenching for 1 min) direct deformation. The layout is flat, 1 layer is placed, and 72 pieces are installed.
2018年11月2日星期五
TIMKEN KOYO NACHI NTN Cylindrical Roller Thrust Bearing
TIMKEN KOYO NACHI NTN Cylindrical Roller Thrust Bearing
Designation
|
Principal dimensions
(mm) |
Fatigue load limit
|
Speed ratings
(r/min) | |||
d
|
D
|
T
|
Pu
|
Reference speed
|
Limiting speed
| |
A 4059/A 4138
|
14.989
|
34.988
|
10.998
|
1.29
|
16000
|
22000
|
03062/03162/Q
|
15.875
|
41.275
|
14.288
|
2.16
|
20000
|
20000
|
32303 J2/Q
|
17
|
47
|
20.25
|
3.65
|
11000
|
16000
|
30203 J2
|
17
|
40
|
13.25
|
1.83
|
13000
|
18000
|
30303 J2
|
17
|
47
|
15.25
|
2.7
|
12000
|
16000
|
LM 11749/710/QVC027
|
17.462
|
39.878
|
13.843
|
2.12
|
13000
|
20000
|
LM 11749/710/Q
|
17.462
|
39.878
|
13.843
|
2.12
|
13000
|
20000
|
LM 11949/910/Q
|
19.05
|
45.237
|
15.494
|
2.9
|
12000
|
18000
|
09074/09195/QVQ494
|
19.05
|
49.225
|
19.845
|
4.3
|
11000
|
17000
|
09067/09195/Q
|
19.05
|
49.225
|
18.034
|
5.6
|
11000
|
17000
|
30304 J2/Q
|
20
|
52
|
16.25
|
3.55
|
11000
|
14000
|
30204 J2/Q
|
20
|
47
|
15.25
|
3
|
11000
|
15000
|
32004 X/Q
|
20
|
42
|
15
|
2.65
|
12000
|
16000
|
32304 J2/Q
|
20
|
52
|
22.25
|
5
|
10000
|
14000
|
LM 12748/710
|
21.43
|
45.237
|
15.492
|
3.2
|
11000
|
17000
|
M 12649/610/Q
|
21.43
|
50.005
|
17.526
|
4.15
|
16000
|
16000
|
LM 12749/711/Q
|
21.986
|
45.974
|
15.494
|
3.2
|
11000
|
17000
|
LM 12749/710/Q
|
21.986
|
45.237
|
15.494
|
3.2
|
11000
|
17000
|
320/22 X
|
22
|
44
|
15
|
2.85
|
11000
|
15000
|
1380/1328/Q
|
22.225
|
52.388
|
19.368
|
4.8
|
15000
|
15000
|
32005 X/Q
|
25
|
47
|
15
|
3.25
|
11000
|
14000
|
32305 J2
|
25
|
62
|
25.25
|
7.1
|
8000
|
12000
|
31305 J2
|
25
|
62
|
18.25
|
4.4
|
7500
|
11000
|
32205 BJ2/Q
|
25
|
52
|
19.25
|
4.65
|
9500
|
13000
|
30305 J2
|
25
|
62
|
18.25
|
4.75
|
9000
|
12000
|
30205 J2/Q
|
25
|
52
|
16.25
|
3.45
|
10000
|
13000
|
33205/Q
|
25
|
52
|
22
|
6
|
9000
|
13000
|
07100 S/07210 X/Q
|
25.4
|
50.8
|
15.011
|
3.15
|
15000
|
15000
|
15578/15520
|
25.4
|
57.15
|
17.462
|
4.9
|
9000
|
13000
|
15101/15245
|
25.4
|
62
|
19.05
|
6.2
|
8000
|
12000
|
M 84548/2/510/2/QVQ506
|
25.4
|
57.15
|
19.431
|
5
|
9000
|
13000
|
15103 S/15243/Q
|
26.162
|
61.912
|
19.05
|
6.2
|
8000
|
12000
|
15103 S/15245/Q
|
26.162
|
62
|
19.05
|
6.2
|
8000
|
12000
|
L 44649/610/Q
|
26.988
|
50.292
|
14.224
|
3
|
10000
|
15000
|
322/28 BJ2/Q
|
28
|
58
|
20.25
|
5.5
|
8500
|
12000
|
302/28 J2
|
28
|
58
|
17.25
|
4.4
|
9000
|
12000
|
320/28 X/Q
|
28
|
52
|
16
|
4
|
9500
|
13000
|
1988/1922/Q
|
28.575
|
57.15
|
19.845
|
6
|
9000
|
13000
|
02872/02820/Q
|
28.575
|
73.025
|
22.225
|
7.5
|
7000
|
10000
|
1985/1922/Q
|
28.575
|
57.15
|
19.845
|
6
|
9000
|
13000
|
M 86647/610/QCL7C
|
28.575
|
64.292
|
21.433
|
6.8
|
8000
|
11000
|
L 45449/410/Q
|
29
|
50.292
|
14.224
|
3.35
|
9500
|
14000
|
32306 J2/Q
|
30
|
72
|
28.75
|
9.65
|
7000
|
10000
|
32206 BJ2/QCL7CVA606
|
30
|
62
|
21.25
|
6.55
|
8000
|
11000
|
32206 J2/Q
|
30
|
62
|
21.25
|
6.3
|
8500
|
11000
|
31306 J2/Q
|
30
|
72
|
20.75
|
5.7
|
6700
|
9500
|
30306 J2/Q
|
30
|
72
|
20.75
|
6.4
|
7500
|
10000
|
33206/Q
|
30
|
62
|
25
|
8.5
|
7500
|
11000
|
30206 J2/Q
|
30
|
62
|
17.25
|
4.8
|
8500
|
11000
|
M 86649/2/610/2/QVQ506
|
30.162
|
64.292
|
21.433
|
6.8
|
8000
|
11000
|
M 88043/010/2/QCL7C
|
30.162
|
68.262
|
22.225
|
7.8
|
7500
|
7000
|
15123/15243/Q
|
31.75
|
61.912
|
18.161
|
6.2
|
8000
|
12000
|
15123/15245/Q
|
31.75
|
62
|
18.161
|
6.2
|
8000
|
12000
|
HM 88542/510/Q
|
31.75
|
73.025
|
29.37
|
10.6
|
6700
|
10000
|
HM 88542/2/510/2/QCL7C
|
31.75
|
73.025
|
29.37
|
10.4
|
6700
|
10000
|
LM 67048/010/Q
|
31.75
|
59.131
|
15.875
|
4.4
|
8500
|
12000
|
320/32 X/Q
|
32
|
58
|
17
|
4.8
|
8500
|
11000
|
JL 26749 F/710
|
32
|
53
|
14.5
|
3.65
|
9000
|
13000
|
14131/14276/Q
|
33.338
|
69.012
|
19.845
|
7.35
|
11000
|
11000
|
M 88048/2/010/2/QCL7C
|
33.338
|
68.262
|
22.225
|
7.8
|
7500
|
11000
|
HM 88649/2/610/2/QCL7C
|
34.925
|
72.233
|
25.4
|
10
|
6700
|
10000
|
23690/23620/QCL7C
|
34.925
|
73.025
|
26.988
|
10.4
|
7000
|
10000
|
LM 48548/510/Q
|
34.925
|
65.088
|
18.034
|
6.2
|
7500
|
11000
|
31594/31520/Q
|
34.925
|
76.2
|
29.37
|
12
|
6700
|
10000
|
LM 48548 A/510/Q
|
34.925
|
65.088
|
18.034
|
6.2
|
7500
|
11000
|
14137 A/14276/Q
|
34.925
|
69.012
|
19.845
|
7.35
|
7500
|
11000
|
25877/2/25821/2/Q
|
34.925
|
73.025
|
23.812
|
9.8
|
7000
|
10000
|
HM 89446/2/410/2/QCL7C
|
34.925
|
76.2
|
29.37
|
11.8
|
6300
|
9500
|
L 68149/110/Q
|
34.988
|
59.131
|
15.875
|
4.5
|
8000
|
12000
|
L 68149/111/Q
|
34.988
|
59.974
|
15.875
|
4.5
|
12000
|
12000
|
32007 X/Q
|
35
|
62
|
18
|
5.85
|
8000
|
10000
|
30307 RJ2/Q
|
35
|
80
|
22.75
|
8.3
|
6700
|
9000
|
31307 J2/Q
|
35
|
80
|
22.75
|
7.8
|
6000
|
8500
|
32007 J2/Q
|
35
|
62
|
18
|
5.2
|
8000
|
11000
|
30307 J2/Q
|
35
|
80
|
22.75
|
8.3
|
6700
|
9000
|
30207 J2/Q
|
35
|
72
|
18.25
|
6.1
|
7000
|
9500
|
33207/Q
|
35
|
72
|
28
|
11.8
|
6300
|
9500
|
32207 J2/Q
|
35
|
72
|
24.25
|
8.5
|
7000
|
9500
|
32307 J2/Q
|
35
|
80
|
32.75
|
12.2
|
6300
|
9000
|
32307 BJ2/Q
|
35
|
80
|
32.75
|
12.9
|
6000
|
8500
|
25880/25820/Q
|
36.487
|
73.025
|
23.812
|
9.8
|
10000
|
10000
|
HM 89449/2/410/2/QCL7C
|
36.512
|
76.2
|
29.37
|
11.8
|
6300
|
9500
|
32307/37 BJ2/Q
|
37
|
80
|
32.75
|
12.9
|
6300
|
9500
|
JL 69349 A/310/Q
|
38
|
63
|
17
|
5.4
|
7500
|
11000
|
JL 69345 F/310/Q
|
38
|
63
|
17
|
5.4
|
7500
|
11000
|
JL 69349 X/310/Q
|
38
|
63
|
17
|
5.4
|
7500
|
11000
|
JL 69349/310/Q
|
38
|
63
|
17
|
5.4
|
7500
|
11000
|
32008/38 X/Q
|
38
|
68
|
19
|
7.65
|
7000
|
10000
|
3490/3420/QCL7CVQ492
|
38.1
|
79.375
|
29.37
|
12.5
|
6700
|
9500
|
2788/2720/QCL7C
|
38.1
|
76.2
|
23.812
|
10.4
|
6700
|
10000
|
16150/16284/Q
|
38.1
|
72.238
|
20.638
|
6.55
|
10000
|
10000
|
HM 801346/310/Q
|
38.1
|
82.55
|
29.37
|
13.4
|
6000
|
8500
|
16150/16283/Q
|
38.1
|
72.238
|
23.813
|
6.55
|
10000
|
10000
|
LM 29749/711/QCL7CVA607
|
38.1
|
65.088
|
19.812
|
6.1
|
7500
|
11000
|
LM 29749/710/Q
|
38.1
|
65.088
|
18.034
|
6.1
|
7500
|
11000
|
418/414/Q
|
38.1
|
88.5
|
26.988
|
13.2
|
6300
|
9000
|
HM 801346 X/2/310/QVQ523
|
38.1
|
82.55
|
29.37
|
13.4
|
6000
|
8500
|
LM 29748/710/Q
|
38.1
|
65.088
|
18.034
|
6.1
|
7500
|
11000
|
LM 29749/710/QCL7CVA607
|
38.1
|
65.088
|
18.034
|
6.1
|
7500
|
11000
|
LM 29749/711/Q
|
38.1
|
65.088
|
19.812
|
6.1
|
7500
|
11000
|
M 201047/011/Q
|
39.688
|
73.025
|
25.654
|
9.3
|
6700
|
9000
|
32008 X/Q
|
40
|
68
|
19
|
7.65
|
7000
|
9500
|
30308 J2/Q
|
40
|
90
|
25.25
|
10.8
|
6000
|
8000
|
33208/QCL7C
|
40
|
80
|
32
|
15
|
5600
|
8500
|
T2EE 040/QVB134
|
40
|
85
|
33
|
17.3
|
6000
|
9000
|
32308 J2/Q
|
40
|
90
|
35.25
|
16
|
5300
|
8000
|
33108/Q
|
40
|
75
|
26
|
11.4
|
6700
|
9000
|
32008 XTN9/Q
|
40
|
68
|
19
|
7.65
|
7000
|
9500
|
30208 J2/Q
|
40
|
80
|
19.75
|
7.65
|
6300
|
8500
|
30208 RJ2/Q
|
40
|
80
|
19.75
|
7.65
|
6300
|
8500
|
32208 J2/Q
|
40
|
80
|
24.75
|
9.8
|
6300
|
8500
|
31308 J2/QCL7C
|
40
|
90
|
25.25
|
9.5
|
5600
|
7500
|
LM 300849/811/Q
|
41
|
67.975
|
17.5
|
6.3
|
7000
|
10000
|
526/522/Q
|
41.275
|
101.6
|
34.925
|
21.6
|
5000
|
6700
|
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